人类活动对干旱区内陆河流域景观格局的影响分析——以新疆和田河中游地区为例

通过对新疆和田河中游地区1959年及2000年景观格局的对比分析,结果表明,干旱区内陆河流域基本维持了原宏观景观格局。但在小尺度上,人类通过调控水资源在空间分布的格局,影响了水在景观格局发展中的生态作用,进而影响了区域景观格局。人工渠、水库、居民地、农耕区等人为景观的出现及增多越来越影响着区域内的景观格局。这说明人类活动虽不是区域内景观格局发展的主导因素,但它对干旱区内陆河流域景观格局的影响力度与影响范围却越来越大。

Analysis of the impacts of human activities on landscape patterns in inland river basin of arid zone:Taking the middle reaches of Hetian River as an example

Inland river basin in arid zone is a main residence,but its ecological environment is very vulnerable.The impacts of human activities on local landscape patterns are severe.It is of practical significance to the eco-environmental protection and social development through study-ing the impacts of human activities on landscape patterns in inland river basin of arid zone.Taking a typical locality as an example,the landscape pattern maps in1959and2000of the middle reaches of Hetian River are compiled using RS and GIS,and the landscape patterns are measured.Based on the maps and measured data,the impacts of human activities on landscape patterns in inland river basin of arid zone are discussed.The analytic results indicate that macro-landscape patterns in inland river basin of arid zone do not change obviously.On a small scale,human built reservoirs and artificial ditches,regulated and controlled spatial reassignment of local waters impact the eco-function of water during landscape development,hence the local landscape pattern.The existence and increase of artificial landscapes affect more and more the development of local landscape pattern,such as artificial ditches,artificial reservoirs,farmland,and residential area.These denote that human activities are not a dominant factor of local land-scape pattern development,but its forces and incidence of impact on landscape patterns in in-land river basin of arid zone are enhancing increasingly.Landscape patterns in inland river basin of arid zone are affected by natural and artificial factors,the dynamic change is rapid,and its chain domino effects are dramatic,so human activities in inland river basin of arid zone should be cautious.