旅游地交通服务功能与旅游强度协调时空分异特征——以云南省为例

以典型旅游地云南省为研究案例地,基于高德交通大数据、电子地图POI等多源数据,通过构建综合交通服务功能与旅游强度概念模型,采用改进的TOPSIS法、耦合协调模型和Tobit模型,从时空视角审视交通服务功能与旅游强度协调空间分异特征及不同交通服务功能对旅游强度的贡献效应。结果表明：（1）2006—2016年,云南省各州市综合交通服务功能与旅游强度协同效应逐渐凸显,协调主导类型由“濒临失调型”跃迁为“初级协调型”。（2）综合交通服务功能与旅游强度协调度总体格局呈“中部高,东西两侧和南北两翼低”的空间布局态势,且东西分异剧烈,南北变化相对平稳;区域差异特征呈现“滇中>滇东南>滇西南>滇西>滇西北>滇东北”俱乐部趋同空间态势;不同交通方式与旅游强度协调度空间分异特征存在显著差异。（3）公路、铁路、航空对旅游强度的贡献效应表现为“航空运输>公路交通>铁路交通”的不均衡特征;旅游地居民收入、旅游资源禀赋、市场化程度均对旅游强度呈现正向促进效应,但对外开放水平较低一定程度上制约了区域旅游强度提升。

Spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of transportation service function and tourism intensity coordination: A case study of Yunnan province

Taking the typical tourist destination-Yunnan province as a research case, and based on the multi-source data such as Gaode traffic big data and electronic map POI, this study uses the improved TOPSIS method, coupled coordination model and Tobit model to construct the comprehensive traffic service function and tourism intensity conceptual model. From the perspective of time and space, this paper examines the spatial differentiation characteristics of transportation service function and tourism intensity coordination and the contribution of different transportation service functions to tourism intensity. The results show that: (1) From 2006 to 2016, the synergy effect of comprehensive transportation service functions and tourism intensity in various cities of Yunnan province became more prominent, and the type of coordination leading has changed from "official disorder" to "primary coordination type". (2) The overall pattern of comprehensive transportation service functions and tourism intensity coordination degree shows a pattern of "high in the middle, but low in the east and west as well as in the north and south", and the east and west are greatly divided, and the north-south changes are relatively stable. The regional differences within the province are characterized by "Central part > Southeast > Southwest > West > Northwest > Northeast". There is a significant difference in the spatial differentiation characteristics of different types of transportation modes and tourism intensity coordination. (3) The contribution of roads, railways and aviation lines to tourism intensity is characterized by the unbalance of "air transportation > road traffic > railway traffic". The income of tourism residents, the endowment of tourism resources and the degree of marketization all have positive effects on tourism intensity. However, the lower level of opening up has restricted the improvement of regional tourism intensity to a certain extent.