中国跨境能源贸易及隐含能源流动对比——以“一带一路”能源合作为例

随着"一带一路"倡议的提出,能源互联互通成为中国对外合作的重要组成。以"一带一路"能源合作为切入点,从直接能源贸易和隐含能源流动的双重角度刻画中国跨境能源关联并开展对比研究,主要结论包括:(1)从直接能源角度,"一带一路"沿线沙特阿拉伯、俄罗斯等国家均为中国重要的直接能源进口国;(2)从隐含能源角度,中国为印度、新加坡、泰国等国家提供了大量的能源相关的商品服务;(3)中国与"一带一路"沿线国家直接能源贸易逆差明显,但隐含能源流动处于顺差地位;(4)综合考虑直接能源贸易及隐含能源流动,中国可以发挥不同类型能源关联的辐射带动作用,为中国与"一带一路"沿线国家能源互联互通与共建合作伙伴关系提供坚实基础。

China's cross-border energy relations between direct trade and embodied transfers: Based on "the Belt and Road" energy cooperation

Along with the proposal of "the Belt and Road" Initiative, energy connectivity has become an essential component of China's overseas cooperation. In "the Belt and Road" energy cooperation, it is of great significance to depict and compare the cross-border relations from the dual perspectives of direct energy trade and embodied energy transfers. The main conclusions include: (1) From the direct perspective, countries such as Saudi Arabia and Russia are essential energy importers of China; (2) From the embodied perspective, China provides a large amount of energy-intensive products to countries such as India, Singapore and Thailand within "the Belt and Road" region; (3) China's direct energy trade with "the Belt and Road" region is in deficit, while the embodied energy transfer is in surplus; (4) Through synthetic consideration of direct energy trade and embodied energy transfers, China can further extend the radiating effects of different energy relations, and provide a solid foundation for energy connectivity and cooperation partnership between China and "the Belt and Road" countries.