大兴安岭火烧迹地土壤动物的群落多样行

以大兴安岭地区不同年份火烧迹地土壤动物为研究对象,对火烧后不同恢复时间土壤动物群落多样性及相关指数的变化进行分析.结果表明,大型土壤动物的个体数、DIC指数、丰富度指数及优势度指数变化趋势均表现为火烧恢复初期迅速增加,然后缓慢增加并逐渐接近对比样地值;如果不考虑8 a迹地数据极大值的影响,中小型土壤动物的个体数、DIC指数、丰富度指数及优势度指数也大致呈现火烧恢复初期迅速增加,然后缓慢增长的趋势;在垂直方向上,大型土壤动物DIC指数、个体数及丰富度指数在0～5 cm最大,向上、向下减少,而中小型土壤动物的各项指数都是凋落物层最大,向下迅速减小;相关分析表明,大型和中小型土壤动物的个体数和丰富度指数与DIC指数都具有极高的相关性;群落相似性分析显示,各火烧迹地间土壤动物群落具有较高的相似性.图1表3参26

Soil Animal Community Diversity in the Burned Areas of the Great Xing'an Mountains, China

In order to discuss the change of soil animal communities in different burned areas and restore the forest eco-system after fire, this study used soil animals in different burned forest areas as investigation objects, to analyzed the diversity of soil animal communities both horizontally and vertically by combining field investigation and indoor experiment. The diversity of soil animal communities in the Great Xing'an Mountains was studied through the analysis of five burned areas of different years together with an unburned area. The results showed that the diversity, individual number and richness index of macro-soil animals in different layers had the consistent changing tendency after forest fire, i.e., each increased rapidly soon after fire, then rose steadily and finally approached to the indexes of those in the unburned areas. The individual number, DIC index, richness index and dominance index of meso-micro soil animals all displayed a tendency of rapid increase at the early restoration stage, then a slow growth in the following if the influence of the maximum data in the 8 years burned area was excluded. Vertically speaking, the individual number, DIC and richness index of macro-soil animals maximized in the range of 0～5 cm, and decreased respectively in upward and downward directions, while those indexes of the meso-micro soil animals maximized in the litter layers and decreased sharply downward. The relative analyses indicated that the individual number and the richness index of the macro and meso-micro soil animals both had high correlation with the DIC diversity index. The community similarity analysis showd that the soil animal communities in different burned areas had high comparability based on Jaccard index. Fig 1, Tab 3, Ref 26