基于“3S”技术的村镇住宅洪灾脆弱性曲线研究

脆弱性曲线常用来表示各类承灾体的洪灾损失率与洪水特征之间的关系,是洪灾风险评价方法中的关键部分。为了构建村镇住宅洪灾脆弱性曲线,以2010年永吉县口前镇洪灾为案例,根据抽样理论运用GPS技术开展了村镇住宅洪灾损失的实地调查;运用RS技术和GIS技术提取出洪水淹没水深用以补充未调查房屋的淹没水深数据;采用回归分析方法建立了各类平房住宅水深-损失率之间的关系,用以表征脆弱性曲线。结果表明:居民住宅的洪灾损失率与水深高度相关,且在同一淹没水深下,平房住宅的使用时间越长损失率越大。脆弱性曲线的建立为计算洪灾潜在损失和区域防灾减灾提供了依据。

Research on Flood Vulnerability Curves of Rural Dwellings Based on "3S" Technology

Flood vulnerability curves normally relate to a set of elements at risk and present information on the relationship between flood damage rates and flood inundation parameters,and they are the essential components of the risk assessment for the flood disaster.In order to establish flood vulnerability curves of rural dwellings,taking the flood disaster of Kouqian town in Yongji county in 2010 as an example,GPS technology was used in order to collect data in the field based on sampling theory;the depth of flood water was extracted by using RS and GIS technology in order to obtain additional data;the relationship between depth and loss rate was established by using regression analysis in order to present flood vulnerability curves of rural dwellings.The result shows that: the depth of flood water and the loss rate of the rural dwelling were in high correlation,and the loss rate increased with the using time of rural dwellings.Flood vulnerability curves can provide an important basis for disaster prevention and reduction.