台风等重大灾害性事件的风险认知及预警机制

通过调查受灾民众及未受灾民众对台风等重大灾害性事件的风险认知及预警情况,比较两者的差异,为政府对重大灾害性事件建立预警管理模式提供依据。研究结果表明:①受灾民众和未受灾民众对重大灾害性事件的风险认知水平低,受灾民众对台风的风险认知明显高于未受灾民众(P<0.01);②两者对提升防灾意识的意愿强烈但对防灾资讯关心程度不够,且受灾民众明显更关心防灾资讯(P<0.01);③两者在通过某项预防措施可以避免灾害所造成的损失和撤离危险地区的问题上意见基本一致,但未受灾民众对政府辅助撤离更具有依赖性(P<0.01,P<0.05);④受灾民众比未受灾民众更相信科学家对灾害的预警能力(P<0.01),但均对目前的灾害预警系统满意度一般。

Study on Risk Perception and Early warning Mechanism of Severe Disaster Events Such as Typhoon etc

Aiming at providing the government with the basis for establishing the early warning model for response to severe disaster events,risk perception and early warning of severe disaster events such as typhoon are investigated among the people affected by disasters and the people who are not affected by disaster events,and the differences between the above-mentioned populations are analyzed.The following results are given.Firstly,risk perception of the population affected by events severe disaster event is higher that of the people who are not affected by events severe disaster(P<0.01).Secondly,both of the populations strongly wish to promote disaster prevention awareness but the degree of concern on disaster prevention information is different,and the degree of concern on disaster prevention information among the disaster-affected population is clearly higher than that of the other(P<0.01).Thirdly,opinions among the both populations for avoiding disaster losses by certain preventive measures and for evacuating from hazardous areas are basically same,but the population not affected by disasters are more dependent upon government’s assisted evacuation(P<0.01,P<0.05).And fourthly,disaster-affected population more trust in early warning ability of scientists than the population not affected by a disaster(P<0.01),but their satisfaction degrees to disaster early warning system are moderate.