人工湿地对水产养殖废水典型污染物的去除

考察了5种常见湿地植物黄菖蒲、芦苇、千屈菜、再力花和香蒲对水产养殖废水的净化能力以及生理生长指标,结果表明,黄菖蒲的氮磷吸收能力最强而芦苇较差。构建黄菖蒲、芦苇水平潜流人工湿地研究植物对水产养殖废水典型污染物的净化效果的影响,发现两者对COD、TP、TN和抗生素均有较好去除效果。其中,黄菖蒲湿地对TN的去除效果(HRT=4 d,去除率71%)显著优于芦苇湿地(HRT=4 d,去除率29%),分析其原因在于黄菖蒲湿地因其较强的吸收能力和反硝化作用使其对高NO3--N废水有较好的去除效果。研究中还发现,水力停留时间对TN、NO3--N、NH4+-N和NO2--N的去除效果有较大的影响。两种湿地对恩诺沙星的去除效果优于磺胺甲恶唑和氟甲砜霉素,不同人工湿地植物对3种抗生素的去除效果差异不大,水力停留时间对磺胺甲恶唑的去除有显著的影响。

Typical pollutants removal efficiency from aquaculture wastewater by using constructed wetlands

The purification ability of five kinds of plants(Phragmites australis,Iris pseudacorus,Lythrum salicaria,Thalia dealbata,Typha angustifolia) to treat aquaculture wastewater,as well as their physiology and growth characteristics were investigated.The results showed that Iris Pseudacorus had the highest absorptive capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus,while Phragmites Australis showed the poorest adsorption ability.Two horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands(HSCW) planted with Iris Pseudacorus and Phragmites Australis were compared on their removal effects of typical pollutants of acquaculture wastewater.Both HSCWs showed better removal efficiency of COD,TP,TN and antibiotics.The removal effects of TN by Iris Pseudacorus wetland(HRT=4 d,removal rate of 71%) was significantly higher than Phragmites Australis wetland(HRT=4 d,removal rate of 29%),the Iris pseudacorus wetland had better removal effects of NO3--N due to its higher absorptive capacity and denitrification.The removal of TN,NO3--N,NH4+-N and NO2--N could be greatly influenced by hydraulic retention time(HRT).The removal efficiency of Enrofloxacin was higher than that of Sulfamethoxazole and Florfenicol.There was no remarkable difference between two constructed wetlands in removing three kinds of antibiotics,and HRT had a pronounced impact on removal of Sulfamethoxazole.