缺镁胁迫对普通小球藻光合生理及油脂积累的影响

小球藻是一种重要的生物资源,它在生产微藻燃料、提取生物活性物质以及水环境修复等方面具有广阔的应用,因此研究小球藻的生理生化特性具有重要的意义.镁离子在微藻的生长过程中起到了很重要的作用,不仅是叶绿素结构的中心原子,还是一些代谢途径中关键酶的辅因子.采用批次培养的方法,在对普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)光合自养培养过程中,研究了在缺镁胁迫条件下的普通小球藻的光合生理及油脂积累的变化.结果表明,在缺镁胁迫条件下,普通小球藻的生物量、蛋白含量、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量分别降低了20%、43.96%、27.52%、28.07%,而总油脂含量增加了19.60%;普通小球藻的最大光能转化效率Fv/Fm降低了22.54%,而非光化学淬灭qN显著高于正常培养条件.本研究结果表明缺镁胁迫抑制了普通小球藻中叶绿素的合成,从而影响了光合作用的进行,导致普通小球藻生长受到抑制、蛋白质合成受阻,从而使其碳同化进入油脂的合成代谢,增加了普通小球藻油脂含量.

Effect of Magnesium Deficiency on Photosynthetic Physiology and Triacylglyceride(TAG) Accumulation of Chlorella vulgaris

As an excellent biological resource, Chlorella has wide applications for production of biofuel, bioactive substances and water environment restoration. Therefore, it is very important to understand the photosynthetic physiology characteristics of Chlorella. Magnesium ions play an important role in the growth of microalgae, not only the central atom of chlorophyll, but also the cofactor of some key enzyme in the metabolic pathway. A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the effects of magnesium deficiency on several photosynthetic and physiological parameters and the triacylglyceride (TAG) accumulation of the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris, in the photoautotrophic culture process. Chlorella vulgaris biomass, protein, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents decreased by 20%, 43.96%, 27.52% and 28.07% in response to magnesium deficiency, while the total oil content increased by 19.60%. Moreover, magnesium deficiency decreased the maximal photochemical efficiency F_v/F_m by 22.54%, but increased the non-photochemical quenching parameters qN. Our results indicated the decline of chlorophyll caused by magnesium, which affected the photosynthesis efficiency, lead to the growth inhibition of Chlorella vulgaris and affected the protein synthesis and increased the triacylglyceride (TAG) accumulation.