近浅埋煤层覆岩关键层对综采工作面压力的影响分析

为了研究采场在覆岩运动过程中关键层的缺失与否对综采工作面采场矿压的影响效果，采用相似模拟试验和数值模拟，对大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井1-2煤21304综采工作面在回采期间出现的2次压架事故进行分析。研究结果表明:上覆岩层的关键层缺失与否对下部煤层的开采影响至关重要，尤其是对上部已采单一关键层的煤层回采影响较大，当上煤层的关键层未缺失时回采后形成稳定的砌体梁结构，其下煤层回采也易形成稳定的砌体梁结构，反之亦然；在冲沟发育较深的地形，关键层的形成也会受到冲沟影响，造成部分关键层缺失，当关键层缺失时工作面向坡开采，随着工作面所承受的荷载逐渐增大，出现动载矿压的几率也随之增加，背坡开采则与之相反。

Analysis on influence of key strata in overlying strata of approximate shallow buried coal seam on pressure of fully mechanized coal mining face

In order to study the influence of the lacking or not of the key strata during the movement process of overlying strata in the stope on the mining pressure of fully mechanized coal mining face, two support crushing accidents happened at 21304 fully mechanized coal mining face of 1-2 coal in Huojitu well of Daliuta coal mine during the stoping period were analyzed by using the similar simulation test and numerical simulation. The results showed that the influence of the lacking or not of the key strata in the overlying strata on the mining of lower coal seam was quite important, especially for the stoping of coal seam with the upper mined single key strata, the influence was greater. When the key strata of the upper coal seam was not lacking, the stable structure of voussoir beam formed after the stoping, and it was easy to form the stable structure of voussoir beam in the stoping of its lower coal seam, and vice versa. In the terrain with deep gully development, the formation of the key strata would be affected by the gully, resulting the lacking of partial key strata. When the key strata was lacking with the working face mining along the slope, the probability of dynamic strata pressure increased with the increase of the bearing load of working face, while the inverse slope mining was on the contrary.