近10 a来珠江三角洲地区氮收支演变及区域差异分析

采用2000、2005 和2010 年三个不同时期的工业、农业、环保、自然条件和人口等相关数据，通过大量数理统计分析对近10 a 来珠江三角洲（简称“珠三角”）地区的氮收支演变与区域差异进行了评估。结果表明，在过去三个不同时期，珠三角地区氮的年输入、输出量有升有降，但是氮盈余总量却呈现出较显著的增加趋势，单位面积氮盈余量也从2000 年的43.43 kg/（hm²·a）增加到2010 年的51.92 kg/（hm²·a）。整个珠三角地区的负荷氮水平较全国平均水平偏高，但尚低于同样经济发展迅速、人口密集的长江三角洲地区的平均水平。快速的城市化发展和日益增强的人类活动对珠三角地区氮收支变化具有较大影响，且表现出非常显著的内部区域差异，深圳、东莞、佛山和广州等城市均面临较为严峻的氮污染潜势。

Nitrogen Budgets of the Pearl River Delta and Its Regional Differences during the Past Decade

Based on the data collection and analysis of the industry, agriculture, environmental protection, natural conditions and population statistics in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in 2000, 2005 and 2010, respectively, the nitrogen budgets and its regional differences in the PRD during the past decade were assessed. The results indicate that the nitrogen inputs and outputs of the PRD varied slightly during the last ten years, whereas the nitrogen surplus increased continuously. The nitrogen surplus in per unit area increased from 43.43 kg/(hm²·a) in 2000 to 51.92 kg/(hm²·a) in 2010. The nitrogen inputs in per unit area of the PRD are much higher than the average level over the whole country, but it is still a bit lower than that of the Yangtze River Delta. In addition, the rapid development of urbanization and increasing human activities show strong influences on the evolution of the nitrogen budgets during the past decade, and great regional differences exist in the nitrogen budgets of the PRD, several cities such as Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan and Guangzhou have to face severer nitrogen pollution potential at present.