地理邻近性与区域创新关系探讨

与“地理学已死”的认识相反．由于知识的特性和创新的背量依赖，在区域创新的研究中地理邻近得到重视。地理邻近在区域创新经济学中的位置与传统空间经济学中的位置一样．只是创新的促进因素．而不是决定性因素。空间经济学和创新经济学在目的上是一样的．但由于各自不同的经济决定变量导致了对地理邻近性的认识是不一样的。尝试从知识流动和集体学习视角，对一直被视为“黑箱”的地理邻近性的作用机理进行探讨。研究表明。地理邻近是“距离产生美”，太多或太少的地理邻近对集体学习和区域创新都是不利的。同时地理邻近性既不是区域创新的充分条件，也不是必要条件，它和其它类型的邻近相互促进．相互替代。ICIS的发展使传统空间经济学中地理邻近的重要性降低，ICIS更进一步发展同样会使区域创新经济学中的地理邻近性重要性降低，也许未来的虚拟经济的世界里真的不太需要物理世界的地理邻近。

Geographical Proximity and Regional Innovation: the Perspective of Knowledge Flows and Collective Learning

Contrary to the 'death of geography',geographical proximity is appreciated in the field of regional innovation for the characteristics of knowledge and the context dependent of innovation.The station of geography vicinity in Regional Innovative Economics is the same to that in the traditional Spatial Economics.It is only a promotive factor to innovation,but not determinative.Spatial economics and innovation economics have the same goals,but their understanding on geography proximity is quite different caused by that different economy modes decide variables.This paper investigates the function mechanism of the once 'black box' from the perspective of knowledge flows and collective learning.We think,as to learning and innovation,geographical proximity still fits the proverb 'absence makes the heart grow fonder',too much or too little geographical proximity may be detrimental for learning and innovation.Further,geographical proximity is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for regional innovatio it will facilitate and substitute mutually with other forms of proximity.ICTS Development decreased importance of geograhy proximity in traditional spatial economy.ICTS further development decreased importance of geograhy proximity in regional innovation economy.It is possible that in the futher virtual economic world,there is slight need for geograhy proximity.