| 塔里木河流域生态系统特征及其管理面临的问题分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗万云,陈亚宁.塔里木河流域生态系统特征及其管理面临的问题分析[J].新疆环境保护,2014,36(4):6-12. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗万云 陈亚宁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐,830052
2. 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目:气候变化对西北干旱区水循环影响机理与水资源安全研究 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于塔里木河流域生态系统特征,分析塔里木河流域生态系统管理面临的主要问题.①农业开发大量挤占生态用水,威胁流域生态系统安全;②流域农药使用量增长1.78倍,化肥使用量增长2.06倍,工业SO2排放量增长5.93倍,城镇污水量增长0.23倍,下游水质严重超标;③水资源利用效率仅为6.79元/m3,远低于新疆平均水平;④人口和种植规模年均增长11％以上,突破流域水资源承载力.从综合生态管理体制、生态资源市场交易机制、生态立法三方面提出塔里木河流域生态系统管理新方向.
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| 关 键 词： | 塔里木河流域 生态系统管理 可持续发展 |
Analysis of problems about Ecosystem characteristics and management of Tarim River Basin |
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| LUO Wan-yun,CHEN Ya-ning.Analysis of problems about Ecosystem characteristics and management of Tarim River Basin[J].Environmental Protection of Xinjiang,2014,36(4):6-12. |
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| Authors: | LUO Wan-yun CHEN Ya-ning |
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| Institution: | LUO Wan-yun , CHEN Ya-ning( 1.College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang Uru- mqi, 830052, China;2.Statekey Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Xinjiang Urumqi 830011, china) |
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| Abstract: | main problems about ecosystem management of Tarim River Basin were analyzed based on Tarim River Basin ecosystem characteristics. （1）Agriculture development consumed a lot of eco-environmental water, which posed a threat to ecosystem security. （2）Pesticides, fertilizer usage, industrial SO2 emissions, Urban sewage quantity increased by 1.78 ,2.06 , 5.93 and 0.23 times, respectively, resulting in serious exceeds of water quality of downstream. （3）Water utilization efficiency was only 6.79 CNY per cubic meter, which was far below the average level of XinJiang.（4）The Population and planting scale grew more than I 1 percent annually, which broke through water resources carrying capacity of Tarim River Basin. New directions were proposed to promote ecosystem management of Tarim River Basin from the comprehension of the management resources, and administrative laws and regulations. mechanism of ecology, trading mechanism of ecological |
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| Keywords: | Tarim River Basin ecosystem management sustainable development |
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