离子地质学——研究地壳中离子运动及其与围岩的相互作用

地壳中存在离子 ,也存在电压。构造应力带中 ,电压比四周高 ,离子迁移快 ,它们与围岩的化学反应强烈。其结果是产生岩石矿物蚀变和地球化学元素重新分布。航空γ能谱测量能较全面精确地反映U、Th、K的重新分布情况 ,是离子地质学的主要研究手段。根据U、Th、K的分布特征带与断裂等构造带无确定关系 ,我们假定生成它们的构造应力不同 ,生成前者的叫离子运动应力 ,生成后者的叫机械运动应力。离子运动应力集中区 ,对成矿有利 ,这种应力集中是必需的全球性的控矿因素 ,而岩石矿物、构造是有条件的局部性控矿因素 ,因此化探找矿效果好 ,地质成矿模式找矿效果差。离子运动应力带交织成应力网 ,应力网就是天然“化工”网 ,网的有利部位形成资源 ,构成资源网。通过研究放射性元素的单元素异常和组合异常的分布规律及它们与非放射性化探异常的关系来查明资源网 ,从而编制国土资源规划利用图。建立航空数字地球 ,航空数字月球和其他航空数字星球 ,能调查评价这些天体的资源和研究它们的构造运动。

IONIC GEOLOGY--ION MOVEMENT AND INTERACTION WITH COUNTRY ROCKS IN EARTH'S CRUST

There are ions and voltage in the earth's crust. Voltage in a tectonic belt is higher than its surroundings. Ions move faster and can chemically react with the country rocks violently, leading to alteration of rocks and minerals and redistribution of chemical elements. Aerial gamma spectroscopic survey can map the precise redistribution of U, Th and K. According to that the characteristic distribution belt of U, Th and K has no definite relation with fault zones, it is supposed there are differences in tectonic stress. The tectonic stress for the former is called ionic movement stress, and that for the latter is called mechanical movement stress. The location where ionic movement stress is concentrated is favorable to mineralization. Ionic movement stress belt can be interwoven as a stress net, i.e., the natural \!chemical industry" net. By way of studying the distribution law of radioactive element anomalies and relating them with non-radioactive element anomalies, we find out a resources net. To build aerial digit earth, moon and other celestial bodies can investigate and evaluate their resources and study their tectonic movement.