苏州工业园区不同生境鸟类群落结构及季节动态

2012年5月至2013年4月,在苏州工业园区选择了4种生境,设置了17条样线、24个样点,逐月对鸟类群落进行了研究。共记录到鸟类130种,隶属12目41科,雀形目鸟类占主要地位,其中留鸟、夏候鸟、冬候鸟和旅鸟分别占鸟类总种数的26.15%、25.38%、27.69%和20.77%。区系以广布种和古北界种类为主,兼有东洋界种类,具有南北过渡的明显特征。从季节动态变化上看,园区鸟种数由多到少表现为春季冬季秋季夏季;密度由高到低表现为冬季秋季春季夏季。湿地生境鸟类种数最多,分布均匀;道路生境鸟类种数最少,分布不均,但优势种突出,以常见的伴人雀形目鸟类为主。聚类结果显示,环境条件是影响鸟类组成的重要因素。

Avian Community Structure and Seasonal Dynamics in Different Habitats of Suzhou Industrial Park

The avian community in Suzhou Industrial Park was surveyed from May 2012 to April 2013. Four types of habitats were selected and 17 sample lines and 24 sample points were set up. About 130 bird species were recorded, belonging to 12 orders and 41 families, and Passeriformes were frequently observed. Among them, resident birds, summer migratory birds, winter migratory birds and transient migratory birds accounted for 26. 15%, 25. 38%, 27.69% and 20.77% respectively. Avifauna mainly consisted of widely distributed species and Palaearctic species, but oriental species were also observed. The numbers of bird species were the highest in spring but the density of birds was the highest in winter. The number of bird species in wetlands was the highest and more evenly distributed. In contrast, the number of bird species in roads was the lowest and less unevenly distributed, and the dominant species were prominent with people passerine bird species. The consequences of cluster analysis showed that the environmental conditions were important factors in influencing the composition of birds.