不同干扰程度下高原湿地纳帕海土壤酶活性与微生物特征研究

采用In-situ野外取样技术与室内实验分析相结合,对不同人为干扰程度下滇西北高原湿地纳帕海土壤酶活性和微生物数量特征进行研究。结果表明：（1）在人为活动干扰下,湿地类型从原生沼泽向沼泽草甸-草甸-垦后湿地逆向演替,F检验显示土壤脲酶、蛋白酶和蔗糖酶活性在各类型湿地间差异显著（F脲酶=14.246,F蛋白酶=13.760,F蔗糖酶=15.392）,表现为垦后湿地〉沼泽草甸〉草甸〉原生沼泽,过氧化氢酶活性差异不显著（F过氧化氢酶=2.697）,且与上述三种水解酶变化规律不同。（2）F检验显示,土壤细菌数量差异显著（F细菌=10.883）,呈现沼泽草甸〉草甸〉垦后湿地〉原生沼泽;土壤真菌与放线菌数量差异显著（F真菌=18.032,F放线菌=15.078）,呈现沼泽草甸〉垦后湿地〉草甸〉原生沼泽。（3）回归分析表明,土壤脲酶与过氧化氢酶极显著正相关。在草甸湿地类型中,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、蛋白酶间呈显著线性正相关。土壤酶活性虽与微生物数量相性不显著。（4）纳帕海湿地土壤微生物数量与酶活性变化是对人为不同干扰类型与强度的响应。

Study on the soil enzyme activities and microorganism characteristics of different human disturbances of plateau wetlands Napahai

Through adopting field investigation and in-situ technique of locating,the soil enzyme activities and microorganism characteristics of different human disturbance of Napahai plateau wetlands in northwestern area Yunan province were studied.The results showed：（1） The soil enzyme activities of urease,invertase and protease of 0-20cm soil layer were significantly different（Furease=14.246,Fprotease=13.760,Finvertase=15.392）.The soil enzyme activities of urease、invertase and protease in different wetland types were different and the order from bigger to smaller was reclaimed wetland,swamp meadow,meadow and swamp.（2） The soil bacteria of 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly different（Fbacteria=10.883,Ffungus=18.032,Factinomyces=15.078）.The quantities of soil bacteria of four types were different and the order from more to less was swamp meadow,meadow,reclaimed wetland and swamp.And at the same time,the quantities of soil fungi and actinomycetes in different wetland types were different and the order was swamp meadowreclaimed wetlandmeadowswamp.（3） Regression analysis showed the soil urease and catalase existed very significant positive correlation.In the meadow,the soil urease,invertase,and protease existed significant positive correlation.Although the soil enzyme activity and microorganism quantity had certain correlation,the correlation between was very close.（4） The soil microorganism characteristics and enzyme activity were response of man-made interference.