太湖一级保护区水污染成因及控制对策研究

江苏省太湖流域一级保护区综合整治是治理太湖的重点工作，直接关系太湖湖体水环境质量。本文对一级保护区存在的污染问题进行全面分析，提出了严格控制建设用地规模、调整工业结构、优化城乡布局、调整人口结构等减小生态压力的途径，通过提高城镇污水处理能力、加快城镇管网建设、实施污水处理厂脱氮除磷提标改造、推进中水回用和污泥安全处置、完善城镇及乡村垃圾收运系统、治理内源污染等方法进行综合整治，为全面治理太湖水污染提供理论依据。

Study on Pollution Causes of First-Grade Protection Zone of Taihu Lake and Its Control Measurements

Comprehensive improvement of the first-grade protection zone is the important part in pollution treatment of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province, which was directly related to the water quality of Taihu Lake. In this paper, the pollution issues in the first-grade protection zone were fully analyzed. To reduce the ecological stress, suggestions were proposed including strictly controlling the land for construction, adjustment of the industrial structure, optimizing the urban and rural areas layout, regulation of population structure and so on. By increasing the urban sewage treatment capacity, speeding up the urban pipe network construction, upgrading and reconstruction of denitrification and dephosphorization ＇for the sewage treatment plants, promoting water reuse and sludge safe disposal, improving urban and rural waste collection and transportation system and controlling the internal source pollution, so as to provide theoretical basis for full improvement of the water pollution in Taihu Lake.