沙漠化地区退耕还林政策的生态经济效应分析——以民勤县为例

退耕还林是沙漠化地区生态环境治理的主要内容。论文以沙漠化严重的民勤县为例,采用环境社会学的研究方法,对民勤县农户的退耕还林意愿和退耕还林政策的生态经济效应在农户中的响应进行了典型调查和抽样调查,并搜集了相关数据。统计分析表明:退耕还林涉及到农户土地利用方式的变化,农户的退耕意愿主要取决于退耕后经济利益的得失;农户虽然在近期承受退耕地收益减少的负担,但长期可以得到退耕还林的保肥效果和减少风沙灾害损失的生态经济效果。退耕还林具有典型的外部经济性,政府应该为退耕还林的成本全部买单,同时,在调整退耕地结构、优化退耕模式的过程中还要协调好退耕还林与农户增收的关系。

Eco-economic Effect of Actualizing De-farming and Reafforestation Policy in Desertification Areas: Taking Minqin County as a Case

Chinese government has adopted many measures to protect fragile eco-environment. De-farming and reafforestation are the primary contents of eco-environmental protection.Accor-ding to the environmental sociology research method,representative and sample investigations have been taken about the households' willingness to return farmland to forest.Then the responses of households to policy of returning farmland to forest were applied in this paper by taking Minqin county of Gansu province as a case where serious desertification has taken place.Simultaneously,the investigation data were gathered.Because farmland returning to forests involved the change of the utilization mode of households' farmland,the households' willingness of de-farming lies in the gain and loss of their income after de-farming.Though households have endured the burden of income loss due to de-farming in recent years,they will benefit from the effect of retaining fertilizer and the eco-economic effect of mitigating the loss resulting from dust storm disasters in future.De-farming and reafforestation characterizing typical external economies,the costs of farmland returning to forests should be born by our government.In the course of regulating the farmland structure and optimizing the model of returning farmland to forest,efforts should be made to harmonize the relations between the farmland returning to forest and increase the income of households.