Carbonation of wellbore cement by CO2 diffusion from caprock |
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| Authors: | George W. Scherer Bruno Huet |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Princeton University, Civil & Env. Eng./PRISM, Eng. Quad. E-319, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;2. Schlumberger Riboud Product Center, 1 rue Becquerel, BP 202, 92142 Clamart Cedex, France;1. Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa-shi, Kyoto, 619-0292, Japan;2. Mitsubishi Materials Corporation, 1002-14, Mukohyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0102, Japan;1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States;2. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States;3. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States;4. National Energy Technology Laboratory, Albany, OR 97322, United States;5. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;6. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, United States;7. National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, United States;1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China;2. School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China;3. Zhanjiang Branch Company, CNOOC, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524057, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610050, China;2. China National Petroleum Corporation Engineering Technology R&D Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China;3. China Building Material Academy Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China |
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| Abstract: | To evaluate the risk of corrosion of cement by geosequestered CO2, samples are being retrieved from wells placed in natural CO2 deposits [e.g., Crow et al., 2009]. If the cement passing through the cap rock is carbonated, it may indicate that annular gaps or cracks have allowed carbonic acid to come into contact with the cement. However, it must be recognized that the pore water in the cap rock has become saturated with CO2 over geological time. After the well is placed, the CO2 will diffuse toward the cement and react with it. A simple analysis of the diffusion kinetics demonstrates that carbonation depths of millimeters to centimeters can be expected from this reaction within the lifetime of a well, in the absence of any cracks or gaps. Therefore, the occurrence of carbonation in cement sealing natural CO2 deposits must be interpreted with caution. |
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