基于整体开发管理的国际河流决策支持系统

基于国际河流开发管理的现状，分析国际河流整体开发管理理论的演进。得出整体开发管理决策实施的原则及思路：流域开发管理要以流域边界为界，将整个水系自然联系的区域作为不可分割的整体，进行统一权衡，突出共同利益，流域内开发与流域外开发相结合。以建立多层次的国际合作机构。对国际河流决策支持系统进行设计，即以国际河流流域为体系，各国国内流域测点为单元。国际流域综合协调委员会为决策支持中心、各国流域机构委员会为决策支持分中心。并研究系统的公用信息平台建设，信息开发、管理与维护。河流水资源、水环境实时监控等技术支持系统。实证分析澜沧江-湄公河流域决策支持系统的建设。并指出国际河流水资源的开发与管理，水权等问题有待进一步深入研究。

Decision Support System for Integrated Management and Exploitation of International Rivers

This paper studies the main problems concerning the development and management of international rivers.The reference framework of the decision support system for the integrated management and decision-making mode are introduced.The principle and thought of the decision support system for the integrated management and decision-making mode is that,the borderline of the riparian exploitation and management should be in accordance with the riparian borderline,the whole water system area should be treated as an indivisibility integer,the measure was uniform,the common profit should be extruded,the exploitation and management inside and outside should be combined,and the multi-hierarchy cooperation institution should come into existence.The decision support system(DSS) of international rivers integrated exploitation and management are designed.It is formed by two parts,i.e.,one is taking the international rivers riparian as a system,the determine point of riparian as units and the other is taking international river comprehensive harmony committee as the decision center,the decision support system of state river's control command departments as its decision sub-center.This paper introduces systematically the decision support system of the communal information platform the information development,the management and maintenance,and water resources,environment inspect,etc.The likelihood decision support system in Lancang-Mekong River is discussed in demonstration.The water rights should be discussed in the future,which is the trend and the contradiction of the international rivers integrated exploitation and management.