Soil enzymatic activities and microbial community structure with di erent
application rates of Cd and Pb |
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Authors: | KHAN Sardar CAO Qing HESHAM Abd El-Latif XIA Yue and HE Ji-zheng |
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Institution: | 1. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, 25120 Peshawar, Pakistan 2. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China |
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Abstract: | This study focused on the changes of soil microbial diversity and potential inhibitory effects of heavy metals on soil enzymatic activities at different application rates of Cd and Pb. The soil used for experiments was collected from Beijing and classified as endoaquepts. Pots containing 500 g of the soil with different Cd or/and Pb application rates were incubated for a period of 0, 2, 9, 12 weeks in a glasshouse and the soil samples were analyzed for individual enzymes, including catalase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase, and the changes of microbial community structure. Results showed that heavy metals slightly inhibited the enzymatic activities in all the samples spiked with heavy metals. The extent of inhibition increased significantly with increasing level of heavy metals, and varied with the incubation periods. The soil bacterial community structure, as determined by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis techniques, was different in the contaminated samples as compared to the control. The highest community change was observed in the samples amended with high level of Cd. Positive correlations were observed among the three enzymatic activities, but negative correlations were found between the amounts of the heavy metals and the enzymatic activities. |
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Keywords: | soil contamination heavy metals application rate enzymatic activity microbial community rates application different microbial community structure activities enzymatic negative Positive correlations high control polymerase chain gradient gel electrophoresis techniques bacterial incubation periods extent |
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