半干旱地区农业资源的复合经营模式及生态经济耦合效应研究

半干旱地区脆弱的生态条件在理论和实践上都不允许进行反复的耕翻种植,从资源特征和生态安全的要求出发调整其产业结构,协调生态、经济和社会效益的关系,获得农业资源耦合效益的最大化和可持续发展,农林牧复合经营的高效生态农业模式是半干旱地区农业和农村经济可持续发展的主导战略。论文以甘肃中部的秦王川地区为例,依据其资源特征,设计该地区的植物和家畜生产的合理时空配置结构和产业复合体系结构,提出了以高效合理利用水土资源、生态经济型林草植被恢复和替代产业培育及产业化经营等3种农业资源复合经营的耦合式发展模式。通过各结构要素在功能特性、产业布局、空间格局和时序过程在系统内相互的耦合作用,分析了农业资源在复合经营条件下而产生的生态、经济和社会效应。

The compound management model of agricultural resources and its eco-economic coupling effects in the semi-arid area of Northwest China

In the semi-arid areas of Northwest China,the eco-environment is very fragile.In the-ory and practice,no iterative cultivation of crops is allowed in these areas.In order to gain the maximized benefit through coupling agricultural resources and sustainable development, considering the resources characteristic and the request of ecological safety,the industrial structure should be readjusted,and assorted with the relationship among the benefits of eco-economy and society.The efficient eco-agriculture models of compound management of agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry serve as the predominant strategy for sustainable development of agricultural and rural economy in the semi-arid areas.Hence the present urgency is to change the management pattern of agricultural resources.As a case study in the Qinwangchuan areas in Gansu Province,compound management structure of industrial and space-time collocation structure for the production of plants and animals should be designed according to the local conditions of agricultural resources.In this paper three types of compound management coupling of agricultural resources development model are put forward.The first one is the efficient coupling development model of logical utilization resources of water and land. The second is the efficient coupling development model of vegetation rehabilitation of fruit,forest and pasture of the eco-economic type.The third is the efficient coupling development model of substitute industry implantation and industrialization management.Therefore,for the coupling effects of ecology,economy and society under the compound management of agriculture resources were analyzed through apiece structure elements on the functional characteristics,industrial allocations,spatial patterns and the time processes in the inside system of the coupling interaction.These models of compound management coupling of agricultural resources have had a good application effect.So they can improve the eco-environment,increase the benefit of the integrated agricultural resource,and promote the sustainable development of the economy and eco-environment in the semi-arid areas.