黑龙江省夏季干旱气候特征及成因分析

利用1954-2009年气候实测资料,分析了黑龙江省干旱发生的气候特征。结果表明,20世纪70年代与21世纪初的近10年为干旱盛行时期,尤其是2000年后至今,平均每2年发生一次干旱。大部分年份的干旱发生在拉尼娜事件或赤道东太平洋为冷水位相,副高较弱及偏东和北界偏北。从500hPa环流特点表明,东亚区盛行-、+、-距平场型式;冷空气偏向乌拉尔北部泰米尔至新地岛,黑龙江处在西风带高脊或高脊与副高结合体控制之下,维持高温少雨造成干旱。选取副高强、厄尔尼诺发生的年份的干旱典型年2004年。恰与过去年份发生的低温多雨形势相反,盛行-、+、-距平场型式,造成干旱。从旱年的水汽输送环境来看,来自欧亚大陆40°～50°N与孟加拉弯和南海的水汽输送通道,明显减弱或消失。

Climatic characteristics and cause of summer drought in Heilongjiang Province

Based on the actual climate monitoring data during 1954-2009,we analyzed the climate characteristics of drought in Heilongjiang Province,The 1970s and recent 10 years at the beginning of the century,drought has prevailed in the province especially since the year 2000,the drought has happened once every 2 years on average.In most years drought occurred in Lanena event or eastern Pacific equator cold water level phase;the subtropical high is weaker,easterly and north by north part.500hPa circulation character...