苏北地区农业环境问题及管理方案的探讨

配合江苏省“碧海计划”和盐城市海洋经济绿色农业的发展，探讨了现阶段农业环境污染控制的直接政策管理、经济手段和人工生态工程处理三种方案，其中政策管理，如减少化肥农药的施用规定能减少污染，直接经济投入少，但是执行管理成本高，且政策见效慢；经济手段能减少污染，但环境目标达标不确定，且需要完善的市场环境，目前来说，本地区市场机制不完善，会出现“市场失灵”现象；人工湿地生态工程，前期投入大，但管理成本低，环境目标确定，但不能快速削减污染负荷。三种方案各有所长，在实际操作中，应针对不同区域的农业产业状况、方案时间迟度组合使用。

Discussion about agricultural pollution and management strategies in the north of Jiangsu province

In order to clean the offshore water and sustain future green agriculture development, three management strategies, i.e. direct policy control, financial stimulation and restored wetland are compared and discussed in the view of detailed contents, cost and efficiency. Among them direct control is least-cost in direct funding input, but less efficient in the achievement of environment goal; financial stimulation is efficient only when market is complete; restored wetland is the most expensive one while environment goal can be achieved easily. Herein it is concluded from present discussion that the three strategies should be combined and adjusted according to their merits and flaws and the actual local conditions.;