Impact of energy structure adjustment on air quality: a case study in Beijing, China |
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Authors: | Bin Zhao Jiayu Xu and Jiming Hao |
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Abstract: | Energy consumption is a major cause of air pollution in Beijing, and the adjustment of the energy structure is of strategic
importance to the reduction of carbon intensity and the improvement of air quality. In this paper, we explored the future
trend of energy structure adjustment in Beijing till 2020, designed five energy scenarios focusing on the fuel substitution
in power plants and heating sectors, established emission inventories, and utilized the Mesoscale Modeling System Generation
5 (MM5) and the Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) to evaluate the impact of these measures on air quality.
By implementing this systematic energy structure adjustment, the emissions of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO
x
, and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) will decrease distinctly by 34.0%, 53.2%, 78.3%, 47.0%, and 30.6% respectively
in the most coalintensive scenario of 2020 compared with 2005. Correspondingly, MM5-Models-3/CMAQ simulations indicate significant
reduction in the concentrations of major pollutants, implying that energy structure adjustment can play an important role
in improving Beijing’s air quality. By fuel substitution for power plants and heating boilers, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO
x
, and NMVOCs will be reduced further, but slightly by 1.7%, 4.5%, 11.4%, 13.5%, and 8.8% respectively in the least coal-intensive
scenario. The air quality impacts of different scenarios in 2020 resemble each other, indicating that the potential of air
quality improvement due to structure adjustment in power plants and heating sectors is limited. However, the CO2 emission is 10.0% lower in the least coal-intensive scenario than in the most coal-intensive one, contributing to Beijing’s
ambition to build a low carbon city. Except for energy structure adjustment, it is necessary to take further measures to ensure
the attainment of air quality standards. |
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Keywords: | |
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