我国工业烟气SCR/SNCR脱硝技术与还原剂用量平衡

通过分析国内外工业烟气NO_x控制技术措施和我国重点排放源NO_x排放状况，测算了工业烟气脱硝所需合成氨用量。分析结果表明，每年火电工业烟气脱硝可消耗合成氨320×10⁴ t，接近每年全国合成氨生产总量的6.3%，产生废弃催化剂5.9×10⁴ m³/a；水泥工业烟气脱硝可消耗合成氨83×10⁴ t/a，占全国合成氨年产量的1.6%；而工业锅炉、烧结机、玻璃窑炉和陶瓷窑炉等烟气脱硝需合成氨约96×10⁴ t/a，占全国合成氨年产量的1.9%。分析认为，利用NO_x回收的方法可减排玻璃窑炉、陶瓷窑炉NO_x达67×10⁴ t/a，节省脱硝催化剂1.5×10⁴ m³，生成50%的工业硝酸165×10⁴ t，并可缓解硝酸工业带来的环境污染问题。关键词：烟气脱硝；氮氧化物；NO_x控制；资源化

Analysis of Industrial Waste Gas SCR/SNCR Technology and Balancing of Reducing Agent Consumption

The industrial waste gas NOx control technological measures at home and abroad were reviewed, the NOx emission status from key sources in China analyzed, and the ammonia consumption required for industrial waste gas denitrification estimated. The results show that the annual ammonia consumption is 3.20 million metric tons for the thermal power industry, accounting for 6.3 % of gross annual ammonia production in China, while generating 59 000 cubic meters of waste SCR DeNOx catalyst annually. The annual ammonia consumption is 0.83 million metric tons for the cement industry, accounting for 1.6 % of gross annual ammonia production. The annual ammonia consumption is 0.96 million metric tons for the industrial coal-fired boilers, sintering kilns, glass kilns and ceramic kilns, etc., accounting for 1.9 % of gross annual ammonia production. The method of recovering NOx from waste gas as the raw material for producing HNO3 was evaluated. It was estimated that 0.67 million metric tons of NOx could be reduced annually for the glass kilns and ceramic kilns, while saving 15 000 cubic meters of SCR DeNOx catalyst. About 1.65 million metric tons of nitric acid with purity of 50 % could be produced accordingly, thus relieving the serious environmental pollution problems from nitric acid industry.