废打印机回收处置的生命周期评价

以废打印复印一体机为例，应用生命周期评价（LCA）方法，对废打印机回收处置的环境影响进行评价，并对未来废打印机回收处置监管提出对策建议。结果表明，废打印机的回收处置是有积极的环境效益的，其生命周期环境影响主要体现在避免了无机物对呼吸系统损害、气候变化、生态毒性和化石燃料等方面，在酸化/富营养化、矿产资源等方面影响稍小。其中，在造成的环境影响方面运输和电耗是主要环节，而在避免的环境影响方面金属和塑料的再生利用是主要的。敏感性分析结果表明，塑料对于废打印机回收处置生命周期环境影响最为敏感，其次是电耗，再次之是金属回收过程。未来开展废打印机的回收处置时，需规范化回收和拆解，降低电耗，并推进塑料和金属再利用技术的研发，以进一步提高废打印机回收处置带来的环境收益。

Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impact of Recycling and Disposal of the Waste Printer

Taking waste print-copy multifunction machine for example, the environmental impacts of recycling and disposal of waste printer was evaluated with life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, and according to the assessment results for the future recycle and disposal of waste printer, countermeasures of supervision and management were put forward. The results showed that the recycling and disposal of waste printer had environmental benefits, and life-cycle environmental impacts were mainly concentrated in decreasing inorganic damage to people, climate change, ecological toxicity and fossil energy, while impacts in acidification, eutrophication, and mineral resources had little change. The transportation and power consumption were the main steps to cause negative environmental impacts, and the recycling of metal and plastic in the disposal process generated positive environmental benefits. Sensitivity analysis results showed that plastic was the most sensitive for life cycle environmental impacts of waste printer, followed by power consumption, again was the metal. For waste printer recycling disposal in the future, it need to carry out standardized recycling and dismantling, lower power consumption, and promote the research of plastic and metal recycling technology, to further improve the environmental benefits brought by recycling and disposal of waste printer.