磁黄铁矿氧化机理及酸性矿山废水防治的研究进展

磁黄铁矿是矿山尾矿堆中最为常见且分布很广的一种硫化铁矿物.由于硫化物矿物氧化后不仅产生酸性废水,还会释放出大量可溶的、生物可利用形态的微量金属,并且酸性环境会进一步增强这些有毒金属的移动性,因此是造成矿山周围水体环境污染的罪魁祸首.为了阻止或降低磁黄铁矿的自然风化反应速度从而达到源头治理酸性矿山废水的目的,首先必须研究它在各种条件下的氧化机理、氧化产物和氧化速度.对近年来国外在磁黄铁矿晶体结构、反应活性以及酸性矿山废水的产生与防治等方面的研究进行了综述.

A review on pyrrhotite oxidation mechanism and acid mine drainage prevention

Pyrrhotite is the most common and abundant iron sulphide mineral in mine wastes worldwide. The oxidation of this sulphide mineral generates not only acids, hut also releases the toxic metals in dissolved and bioavailable forms, and the acidic conditions in the tailing sites further enhance the mobility of these toxic metals. Therefore, the rapid oxidation of pyrrhotite contributes to a great extent to the contamination of environment in railings through the production of acid mine drainage AMD. In order to abate AMD on source, it is desired to study the mechanism, products and rate of pyrrhotite oxidation in various conditions. In this paper, the crystal structure and reactivity of pyrrhotite, as well as the production and prevention of AMD are summarized. It is proposed that the oxidation mechanism and chemical structure information of pyrrhotite, establishment of oxidation rate equation, as well as the bacteria should be emphasized.