芜湖市区土壤重金属污染评价及来源分析

对芜湖市区153个土壤样品中9种重金属的含量进行测定和评价,利用多元地统计方法进行污染来源分析。结果表明：芜湖市区土壤Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、Pb、Co、Cd、Ni、Cr的平均含量分别为96.8、30600.1、466.1、35.0、29.1、16.7、1.2、26.3、78.3mg/kg;除Fe、Mn、Ni外,其他元素均高于相应土壤背景值,Zn、Cu、Pb、Co、Cd、Cr分别是背景值的1.26、1.09、1.17、1.20、6.11、1.29倍,说明这些元素出现了一定程度的积累。单因子评价结果表明Cd污染最为严重,Zn、Cu、Pb、Co和Cr为轻度污染,Fe、Mn和Ni没有污染。综合相关性、聚类及主成分分析可知,Fe和Mn为＂自然源因子＂,不同功能区分布主要受成土母质控制;Zn、Cu、Pb和Cd为＂交通及工业活动因子＂,Cu、Cd高值区均分布在开发区,Zn和Pb的高值区分布在镜湖区;Ni、Co和Cr为＂农业活动因子＂,其空间变异受成土母质及农业活动等因素影响。

Pollution Evaluation and Source Analysis of Heavy Metal in Urban Soil of Wuhu City

Nine heavy metals of 153 soil samples in Wuhu City were measured and evaluated, their pollution sources were analyzed by multivariate geostatistical methods. The results showed that the average contents of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb,Co,Cd,Ni and Cr were 96.8,30 600.1,466.1,35.0,29.1,16.7,1.2,26.3,78.3 mg/kg,respectively. Contents of other elements were higher than the corresponding soil background values except for Fe, Mn, Ni. Zn, Cu, Pb, Co, Cd, Cr were 1.26, 1.09, 1.17, 1.20, 6.11, 1.29 times of background values, respectively. These elements had accumulated to a certain extent. The single factor evaluation indicated that Cd was the most serious pollution, while Zn, Cu, Pb, Co and Cr were light pollution, and Fe, Mn and Ni no pollution. The comprehensive correlation, elustering and prineipal component analysis refleeted that Fe and Mn for ＂natural souree factor＂, the distribution of different function was mainly controlled by the soil material. Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd for ＂traffic and industrial activities factor＂. The highest value of Cu and Cd were distributed in the Development Area, and Zn, Pb in Jinghu District. Ni, Co and Cr for ＂agrieuhural aetivity＂, the spaee mutation was influenced by the soil materal and agrieuhural activities.