包装装备跌落撞击缓冲特性分析

目的获得尺寸和质量最小的缓冲结构。方法基于能量守恒原理,建立包装装备缓冲结构撞击环境缓冲特性理论分析的数学模型,获得正撞和侧撞工况下缓冲结构尺寸和防护效果的变化关系。研究采用新型泡沫填充蜂窝材料的缓冲结构设计,优选泡沫填充蜂窝材料参数。建立缓冲结构撞击环境的物质点法计算模型,开展高速撞击的数值仿真。分析包装装备在撞击环境下的吸能效果,获得被保护产品的速度变化曲线。结果在不同撞击姿态的撞击环境下,缓冲结构尺寸随撞击能量的增大而增大,缓冲材料密度减小和平台应力增大可减小缓冲结构尺寸。优选密度为600 kg/m3的泡沫填充蜂窝材料,可使得缓冲结构尺寸和质量最小,相比于传统木材,可降低质量约49%。物质点数值计算分析验证了该缓冲结构可将高速撞击速度降低到目标低速撞击水平。结论采用泡沫铝填充蜂窝吸能材料的缓冲结构,满足撞击环境缓冲防护的安全性需求,可大幅降低整体质量。

The Cushion Performance Analysis of Packaging Equipment under Impact

The paper aims to obtain optimistic structure of cushion component with the lowest size and mass. The theoretical models for analysis of dynamic behavior of cushion component in packaging equipment under impact environment were established based on conservation of energy, and the relationships of the size of cushion component versus protective performance were gained including both cases of front impact and side impact. New design with foam filled honeycomb (FFH) material of cushion component was studied, and accordingly the best parameters of FFH were chosen. The numerical models of cushion component during impact were realized and computed. The protective effect of cushion component was analyzed, and the velocities of equipment to be protected were attained. During impacts of different attitudes, the sizes of cushion component increased with impact energy increasing and decreased when density and plateau stress increased. When the sizes and mass of cushion component was lowest, the density for FFH was found to be 600 kg/m3. And the mass of cushion component with FFH was reduced by 49% compared to spruce. The computational results using Material Point Method validated that the cushion component with FFH could reduce the high impact velocity to target value of low impact velocity. The cushion component designed with FFH satisfied security demands of cushion component under impact, and could reduce the total mass largely.