环境资源约束下中国工业绿色全要素水资源效率研究

通过构建RAM-SFA-RAM三阶段工业绿色全要素水资源效率测度模型,对其不同层面的效率值进行多维测度与比较分析,并利用空间Tobit模型对工业绿色全要素水资源效率的驱动机制进行实证检验.效率测度结果表明,环境因素与统计噪音是效率值计算中不可忽视的重要影响因素;全国样本的效率值在2000~2017年期间总体变化趋势是以持续上升为主,但距离理想发展状态还存在较大差距,具体阶段上可划分为“稳增期”、“振落期”和“提速期”;区域层面的检验中,东部效率具有较为显著的领先优势,而中部和东北部效率差异性相对较小,其变化曲线存在明显的“交互性”现象,西部则整体效率偏低;主要经济带的检验中,京津冀地区的工业绿色全要素水资源效率整体上要高于泛珠三角和泛长三角地区.驱动机制检验表明,基于全国样本维度的水资源禀赋、企业技术创新、用水结构和环境规制对工业绿色全要素水资源效率具有正向促进作用,而产业结构、城镇化率表现为负向抑制效应;在区域样本检验中,各影响要素在不同区域之间所呈现出的作用效果存在一定差异性,但产业结构调整、城镇化水平等应引起重视,不同区域需要依据其实际特点采取针对性的改进措施.

China's industrial green total factor water efficiency under the constraints of environment and resource

The RAM-SFA-RAM three-stage industrial green total factor water efficiency measurement model was constructed, and the efficiency values of different levels were evaluated and compared. Moreover, the driving mechanism of industrial green total factor water efficiency was empirically analyzed based on Tobit model. The efficiency measurement results showed that environmental factors and statistical noise were important factors that should not be ignored in the calculation of efficiency values. In the period of 2000~2017, the efficiency value of the national sample continued to rise, but there was still a big gap between the perfect development status, and its development stage could be specifically divided into "stable increase period", "vibration period" and "speed increase period". In the regional efficiency analysis, the eastern efficiency had a relatively significant leading edge, while the efficiency difference between the central and northeastern regions was smaller, and the variation curve had obvious "interactive" phenomenon, while the overall efficiency was lower in the west. In the inspection of major economic belts, the efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was higher than that in the Pan-Pearl River Delta and Pan-Yangtze River Delta regions. Additionally, the driving mechanism analysis showed that water resources endowment, enterprise technology innovation, water consumption structure and environmental regulation based on the national sample dimension had positively promoted the industrial green total factor water efficiency, while the industrial structure and urbanization rate showed a negative inhibition effect. In the regional sample analysis, there were some differences in the effects of the various influencing factors between different regions, but the industrial structure adjustment and urbanization level should be taken seriously, and different regions needed to take targeted improvement measures based on their actual characteristics.