基于全过程治理的环境规制减排机制研究——来自长江经济带数据的实证检验

基于2007~2017年长江经济带11个省市的面板数据，利用中介效应模型探究全过程治理视域下政府主导型和市场激励型2类环境规制的减排机制.研究发现，政府主导型环境规制和市场激励型环境规制对SO₂排放均具有显著的抑制作用，其影响系数分别为-0.154和-0.209.其中政府主导型环境规制在源头防控、过程控制和末端治理的全过程都起到显著的减排效应，而市场激励型环境规制只通过末端治理实现减排.因此，尽管市场激励型环境规制具有低成本、高效率的优点，但考虑到源头防控和过程控制在生态环境保护中发挥的根本性作用，对于经济结构和经济发展方式较为落后的地区和行业，仍要重视以政府为主导的环境规制，通过因地制宜、合理科学地运用环境规制工具以实现高效的全过程污染治理.

Emission reduction mechanism of environmental regulation from a perspective of whole-process prevention: Evidences from the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Based on the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2007 to 2017, we used mediation effect model to explore emission reduction mechanisms of the government-led and market-incentive environmental regulations from the perspective of whole-process prevention. Both the government-led and the market-incentive environmental regulations, with impact coefficients of -0.154 and -0.209, respectively, significantly suppressed SO₂ emissions. The government-led environmental regulation had played a significant role in reducing emissions during the process of source prevention, process control and end treatment, while the market-incentive environmental regulation only acted on emission reduction in the process of end treatment. Therefore, although market-incentive environmental regulation is low-cost and high-efficiency, since played by the source prevention and process control plays a fundamental role in eco-environmental protection, it is still necessary for less developed areas and industries to pay attention to government-led environmental regulation, i.e., to implement regional-specific and scientific environmental regulation tools, to local conditions to control the pollution throughout the process.