水资源约束地区种植结构优化研究——以华北地区为例

在水资源短缺地区,除了节水灌溉技术、节水栽培技术之外,调整种植结构也是农业节水的一项重要技术措施。论文综合考虑区域社会、经济、环境协调发展,构建了区域节水高效种植结构调整的多目标模糊优化模型,克服了以往模型研究中存在的只注重经济效益而忽视社会和生态效益的局限性。并应用该模型对水资源严重短缺的华北地区进行实证研究,通过对该区种植结构调整的定量分析运算,提出了该区2010年和2030年的节水高效种植结构优化调整方案,该方案重点压缩了高耗水作物种植比例,扩大了低耗水作物种植比例,种植业用水效率逐步提高。

Study on Cropping Structure Optimization in Region Short of Water-A Case Study of North China

In the regions short of water, the adjustment of cropping structure is also an important measure to save water in agriculture besides water-saving irrigation techniques and cultivation techniques. Considering the harmonious development of economy, society and ecology, the thesis established a muhi-objective fuzzy optimization model for regional water-saving cropping structure which conquers the limitation that economic benefit is regarded but social and ecological benefits are ignored in the previous studies. The multi-objective fuzzy optimization model is applied in the study for water-saving cropping structure adjustment in North China where the water scarcity is very serious. The result of calculation presents an optimized schedule of water-saving cropping structure in 2010 and 2030. The planting proportion of crops with high water consumption is reduced and that of low water consumption was increased in the schedule, and water use efficiency is improved gradually.