Effect of environmental factors on byssal thread formation |
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Authors: | W. Van Winkle Jr. |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA;(2) Biomathematics Program Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 5457, 27607 Raleigh, North Carolina, USA |
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Abstract: | The effects of various factors on byssal thread formation have been examined in the laboratory using Modiolus demissus and Mytilus edulis. With M. demissus thread formation (threads/mussel/h0 and proportion of mussels forming threads decreased with increasing size; prior exposure to air enhanced subsequent thread formation; mechanical agitation reduced thread formation. In addition, low salinity acclimated mussels adapted more rapidly to 32 ppt than high salinity acclimated mussels did to 16 ppt; threads were not formed in the absence of calcium and/or magnesium; and there was no reduction in thread formation at temperatures as high as 27° to 28°C. M. edulis died and thread formation approached zero at temperatures exceeding 26°C. |
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