The four faces of the environmental state: environmental governance regimes in 28 countries |
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Authors: | Andreas Duit |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Political Science, Stockholm University, Swedenandreas.duit@statsvet.su.se |
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Abstract: | The primary task for the environmental state is to address problems related to the market’s externalisation of environmental costs. It has four main resources at its disposal: regulation, redistribution, organisation, and knowledge generation. The way these four resources are deployed make up a state’s environmental governance arrangements. Using data on environmental regulation, taxes, public administrations, and knowledge production from 28 countries, and a hierarchical cluster analysis, four different types of environmental states are identified: established, emerging, partial, and weak. This is followed by some suggestions for further research on the environmental state in a comparative perspective. |
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Keywords: | environmental state comparative environmental governance typology cluster analysis |
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