土地人口承载量研究中的几个问题

土地人口承载量研究是协调国民经济发展的重要内容。在这项以土地第一性生产为基础的多层次研究中,土地资源数量与开发利用前景是人口承载量的基础,同时亦应把保持良好生态系统作为估算土地人口承载量的前提条件。人口承载量也是一个受时间、环境条件制约的变量,所以必须考虑技术经济因素进步对提高土地生产力与人口负荷量的影响。为了取得土地人口承载量与社会协调发展,应采取控制人口,提高土地生产力,开拓新的土地利用领域,建立合理的人口流动方案与区际间的协调发展平衡。

SEVERAL PROBLEMS TO STUDY THE POPULATION SUPPORTING CAPACITY OF LAND

<> has been an important strategic study on harmonious development in China.This paper discussed the population supporting capacity of land in relation to the quantity and quality of land resources, ecosystem and technological economics. Undoubted, It is the nucleus in the study.1. The quantity and quality of land resources is the foundation and essential reliance to study the population supporting capacity of land. But should also pay special attent to the capacity and exploitable condition of preparing arable land resources.2. The land ecosytem is the basic arena of human activity. Its balance should be regulated and controled with artificial method to maintain continuous increase in productive forces. The regulation of ecosytem includes mainly the macrostructure effect on rational exploitation and utilization of land; the balance of input and output in land ecosystem; and the relationship between ecologic and economics efficiency.3. The development of agro-technical economics inevitably has an effect on the quality and range of land utilization and also the population supporting capacity. It must be fully consider the economic efficiency of different use way of land and the technical systems of regional agro-modernization effect on raising productive forces of land.In view of the balance among the population increase, resources capacity and productive development, it is suggested that the population supporting capacity must rationly coordinate with the speed of social development in a certain period.