有机污染物在大连近海海水中生物降解速度的研究

研究了４种特征有机污染物在大连近海海水中生物降解的动力学，通过大天然海水中分别加入有机物苯，硝基苯，苯胺和苯酚，实验测定了它们在０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ，０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ，０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ及１ｍｇ／Ｌ等几组不同浓度下的ＢＯＤ及其历时曲线，根据实验结果，经数据处理，得到同物的生物降解动力学参数Ｋ和Ｌ０，应用一级反应动力学表示的ＢＯＤ数学模式Ｙ＝Ｌ０（１－１０＾ｋｔ）较好表达了ＢＯＤ随时间的变化规律，计算结果与实测

Kinetic Study on the Biodegradation of Organic Pollutants in Coastal Seawater of Dalian

In this paper, studies were carried out to determine the biological degradation kinetic characteristics of four kinds of organic pollutants in coastal seawater of Dalian. By adding benzene, nitro-benzene, phenol and aniline to natural sea water, respectively, the biochemical oxygen demand(BOD)of the organic compound was tested under different concentration groups of 0.1mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 1mg/L et c.. Through data analysis, the kinetic parameters K and L₀ of the com pound were obtained(K represents first-order biodegr adation rate constant, L₀ represent sultimate BOD). The mathematic modely = L₀(1-10^-Kt)of the BOD, which was expresed by first-order reaction kinetics, well demonstrated the variation of BOD with tim e. The results calculated according to the model were similar to the experiment values. Some influence factors on the biodegradation rate of the compound were also analyzed and discussed in this paper. The conclusion was that biodegradation was mainly affected by molecular structure.