澳门植被恢复过程土坑法的效应机制探讨

在澳门凼仔岛和路环岛两个离岛的植被成功恢复过程中,土坑法这一技术的应用起到了很好的作用。对土坑法在澳门植被恢复过程中的作用机制及其应用价值进行了初步的研究。对土坑区和无坑区的土壤理化性质测定的结果显示,土坑区土壤容重小于无坑区土壤容重,土坑区土壤含水量、土壤pH、有机质、全N等指标均比无坑区要高;对群落优势种台湾相思(Acacia confusa)生物特征的测量也发现,土坑区的植物生长优于无坑区。这表明土坑区的土壤物理结构和土壤肥力都有所改善,也有助于植被的生长。以上研究结果表明,土坑法是一项行之有效的植被恢复技术,对植被的恢复起到促进作用,可以在澳门进一步的生态恢复中继续应用并加以推广。

Effects and mechanism of the holes digging method in the process of vegetation restoration in Macao

It was very helpful to use the holes digging method in the process of vegetation restoration in the two sub-islands of Ma-cao.The effects and the mechanism under the method were primary studied in this paper.The soil physical and chemical characteris-tics in the areas both with holes and without holes were measured.The results showed that the soil bulk density in the areas with holes was lower and soil water content was much higher than those in the areas without holes,which indicated that the soil physical characteristics were improved after digging holes in the soil.Furthermore,the top 10 cm soil organic matter,total N and pH in the area with holes were higher than those in the area without holes,which indicated that such method have the potential to improve the soil capacity of nutrient supply and storage.As for the biological characteristics of Acacia confuse,the growth of the species in the areas with holes were superior to the comparison.We concluded that the holes digging method in the soil is an effectual technology in vegetation restoration and it could be sequentially used and popularized in further ecological restoration in Macao.