利用底栖动物评价图们江污染的研究

作者于1977年8月至1979年8月在图们江上中游的9个采样点上,主要使用人工基质采样器采集底栖无脊椎动物。结果证明图们江底栖动物比较丰富,出现的主要种类属于襀翅目、蜉蝣目的稚虫,毛翅目幼虫,摇蚊科幼虫和水栖寡毛类。其中崇善江段种类多,表现出明显的多样性。根据三年来所收集到的资料,计算了Trent生物指数,Chandler记分制以及Shannon多样性指数,并对图们江的污染状况作出生物学评价,上游地段属于清洁水到中污染;中游地段在污染源以下至图们站属于重污染;自河东站开始,水质又明显好转,属于轻污染。

IN EVALUATION OF POLLUTION OF TUMEN RIVER BY USING MACROINVERTEBRATE BENTHOS

Studies on macroinvertebrate benthos from upper and middle reaches of Tumen River were carried out between August 1977 and August 1979. The sampler of artificial substrate was mainly used for the 9 sampling stations set in this river. The communities of benthic macroinvertebrates are found abundant in many species, especially so in the upper reaches. The main ones are plecopterans, ephemeropterans, trichopterans, chironomids and aquatic oligochaetes. The data which have been collected for the last three years are used for biological evaluation of the river itself, and to calculate Trent biotic index, Chandler score system and Shannon diversity index. Water in upper reaches can be said clean or moderately polluted, and that in the middle reaches from Caidui station to Tumen station is heavily polluted. Water quality downward from station Hedong recovers to the extent of being lightly polluted.