大客车侧翻过程中约束系统对乘客安全影响*

为研究约束系统对客车侧翻过程中乘客安全的影响，在经过试验验证的某客车侧翻碰撞有限元模型上截取部分车身截段，建立“车身截段-约束系统-乘员”侧翻仿真模型，开展不同约束条件下乘员运动响应和损伤的综合分析及评价。结果表明:满足《客车上部结构强度要求及试验方法》（GB 17578—2013）法规要求的客车在侧翻过程中仍然可能对乘员造成较严重的头部损伤风险；主动预紧安全带能够在侧翻碰撞过程中，有效缓解乘员的头部和颈部损伤程度；胸部损伤值受不同约束系统影响较小。

Influence of restraint system on passengers safety during rollover process of bus

To study the influence of restraint system on the passengers safety during the rollover process of bus,the some sections of bus body were intercepted from the finite element model for the rollover and collision of bus which had been verified by the experiments,and a rollover simulation model of “bus body section restraint system passenger” was established to carry out the comprehensive analysis and evaluation on the motion response and injury of passengers under different constraint conditions.The results showed that the bus which satisfied the requirements of the “Requirements and test methods of strength for the superstructure of bus” (GB 17578 2013) might still cause a serious risk of head injury to the passengers during the rollover process.The active pre tensioned seat belt could effectively alleviate the passengers' head and neck injuries during the rollover and collision process.The chest injury value was less affected by different restraint systems.