Tween系列表面活性剂对白腐菌降解氯丹的影响

为利用微生物技术去除环境中的氯丹等有机氯农药污染提供依据，研究了4种Tween系列非离子表面活性剂对白腐菌Phlebia lindtneri GB1027降解有机氯农药氯丹及其中间代谢产物的强化效果。结果表明，表面活性剂对氯丹的增溶效果明显，在浓度为2.0 g/L的Tween20、Tween40、Tween60和Tween80溶液中，氯丹的溶解度与在水中的溶解度相比分别提高了16.25、18.21、20.36和20.89倍。低浓度（0.05 ~ 1.0 g/L）的表面活性剂对白腐菌在PDB培养基中的生长具有促进作用，而2.0 g/L的表面活性剂则会抑制菌株的生长。在0.05 ~ 1.0 g/L浓度范围内，各表面活性剂可促进白腐菌对氯丹及其代谢产物的降解效果，且降解率随着表面活性剂浓度的升高而增加。其中，白腐菌在添加了1.0 g/L的Tween80的体系中培养15 d后，对氯丹、氧化氯丹和环氧七氯的降解率分别比对照提高了30.2%、48.0%和34.3%。而当表面活性剂浓度升高至2.0 g/L时，由于菌株的生长受到抑制而导致对降解的促进作用不明显，甚至下降。

Effects of Tween series surfactants on biodegradation of chlordane by white rot fungus

The effects of Tween series surfactants,Tween20,Tween40,Tween60 and Tween80 on biodegradation of chlordane and its metabolites by white rot fungus Phlebia lindtneri GB1027 were investigated.The results of the solubilization experiment indicated that the solubility of chlordane in water could be greatly enhanced by four surfactants,and the most effective surfactant for water solubility enhancing of chlordane were Tween80 and Tween60.Surfactants with low concentrations had positive effects on fungal growth in PDB medium,whereas surfactants of high concentration (2.0 g/L) inhibited the fungal growth.All surfactants could enhance the chlordane degradation at a concentration range between 0.05 and 1.0 g/L by P.lindtneri GB1027,and the degradation rate increased with increasing surfactant concentration.The highest efficiencies were increased by 30.2%,48.0%and 34.3% for chlordane,oxychlordane and heptachlor epoxide within 15 days,respectively,compared to the control culture without surfactant,when the concentration of Tween80 was 1.0 g/L.However,2.0 g/L of surfactants reduced the degradation of chlordane because its toxicity to P.lindtneri GB1027.