典型消油剂对溢油鉴别生物标志物指示作用的影响

在一定条件下,分别对添加消油剂的原油和重质燃料油进行了风化模拟实验,采用气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)对风化样品中的生物标志化合物进行了检测,通过生物标志化合物特征比值的变化趋势,对以往溢油鉴别过程中常规生物标志化合物特征比值进行筛选.结果表明,在溢油经消油剂处理后,以往经常选用的指纹信息(主峰碳数、CPI、(C21+C22)/(C28+C29)、C21前/C22后、Pr/Ph(姥鲛烷/植烷)、Pr/C17、Ph/C18)受到消油剂中相关组分的干扰,失去指示意义;消油剂加剧了某些多环芳烃及其烷基化系列生物标志化合物的风化作用,使与其相关的生物标志化合物比值(C2-D/C2-P、C3-D/C3-P、ΣP/ΣD、2-MP/1-MP、4-MD/1-MD)失去指示意义;绝大部分甾、萜烷类生物标志化合物的抗风化能力较强,相关比值仍具有较好的指示意义.

INFLUENCE OF TYPICAL DISPERSANTS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOMARKERS OF OIL SPILLS

To screen for suitable biomarkers of oil spill identification, the simulation experiments were conducted on the weathering of crude oil and heavy fuel oil with addition of various dispersants.The feasibility of the selected biomarkers was investigated by comparing the changes of biomarkers after 15-day weathering experiment The results implied that the conventional biomarkers, such as main peak carbons, CPI, (C21 +C22)/ (C28 + C29), C21 -/C22 + , Pr/Ph, Pr/C17and Ph/C18,lost the indication function due to the interference of the dispersants.Moreover, the dispersants accelerated the weathering of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their alkylation compounds, which resulted in reduced significance as biomarkers.Nevertheless, most sterids and terpanes can resist the weathering after dispersants addition and possess present significant utility as biomarkers.