废铅蓄电池回收的节能降碳案例分析

为了解我国废铅蓄电池回收过程的节能降碳现状，以典型废铅蓄电池回收工艺为研究对象，分析了废铅蓄电池回收过程的产品综合能耗和碳排放情况。结果表明，案例企业的单位产品综合能耗 (当量能耗) 为98.35 kgce·t⁻¹；天然气消耗是最大的能耗来源；铅膏熔炼工序是废铅蓄电池回收过程中产品综合能耗和碳排放量最大的工序；焦粉作为还原剂进入熔炼工序的排放是最主要的碳排放源。在燃料燃烧、能源作为原材料、净购入电力和热力方面，能耗和碳排放量核算是线性相关的，在上述方面寻求节能措施可使废铅蓄电池回收企业实现同时降碳。此外，碳酸盐引起的过程排放和耗能工质也会影响企业的节能降碳效果，建议在后续的核算指南中进行统一规定。本研究结果可为废铅蓄电池回收过程的节能降碳提供参考。

Analysis of Energy conservation and carbon emission reduction in waste lead-acid battery recycling

In order to understand the energy saving and carbon reduction of the spent lead-acid battery recycling process in China, a typical spent lead-acid battery recycling process was used as a research object to analyze the comprehensive product energy consumption and carbon emission of the spent lead battery recycling process. The results showed that the integrated energy consumption per unit of product (equivalent energy consumption) of the case enterprise was 98.35 kgce·t−1, while the natural gas consumption was the largest source of energy consumption. The lead paste melting process was the largest integrated energy consumption and carbon emission process in the spent lead-acid battery recycling enterprise. Emissions from coke powder entering the smelting process as a reducing agent were the most significant source of carbon emissions. Energy consumption and carbon emissions was linearly correlated in terms of fuel combustion, energy as a raw material, purchased electricity and heat . At the same time, process emissions caused by carbonates and energy-consuming substances can also affect the energy efficiency and carbon emission, and it was recommended that they should be uniformly specified in the subsequent guidelines. This study can provide a reference for the other energy saving and carbon reduction in spent lead-acid battery recycling processes.