基于GIS与改进蚁群算法的垃圾收运路径规划

针对传统垃圾收运路线成本高昂、对人居环境与自然生态造成不可逆负面影响的问题，提出了一种基于GIS技术与改进蚁群算法的垃圾收运路径规划方法。采用CRITIC法、熵权TOPSIS法及改进的蚁群算法，以时间成本及环境成本作为优化目标，实现从垃圾收集点到最终处理厂的最优路径规划设计，从而有效降低垃圾收运成本与收运对周边生态环境的危害。结果表明，将道路交通对周边人群健康、生态环境质量的影响纳入对道路交通的综合成本评价当中，运输路径对土地保护需求强烈区域、影响人口规模偏大区域、降噪物密度偏小区域、生态不可分割度偏大区域的穿行率分别降低了41%、44%、29%、41%，有效降低了垃圾收运路径对生态敏感区域的干扰程度。本研究结果可为GIS 技术与蚁群算法在垃圾车收运路径规划中的应用提供参考。

Garbage collection and transportation path planning based on GIS and improved ant colony algorithm

The high cost of garbage collection and transportation limits the garbage disposal rate, and the transportation often causes irreversible negative impact on the human settlement environment and natural ecology. This paper proposed a method of garbage collection and transportation path planning based on GIS technology and improved ant colony algorithm. CRITIC method, entropy weight TOPSIS method and improved ant colony algorithm were used to realize the optimal path planning and design from the garbage collection point to the final treatment plant, thereby effectively reducing the cost of garbage collection and transportation and the harm to the surrounding ecological environment. The results showed that when the impacts of road traffic on the human settlement environment and natural ecology were included in the evaluation indicators of the garbage collection and transportation path, economic costs and ecology impact were reduced significantly. The transit rates of areas with strong demand for land protection, areas with large affected population size, areas with low noise reduction density, and areas with high degree of ecological inseparability had been reduced by 41%, 44%, 29%, and 41%, respectively. It reduced the disturbance of the garbage collection and transportation route to ecologically sensitive areas significantly. The results of this study could provide a reference for GIS technology and ant colony algorithm in garbage truck collection path planning.