典型舰船用金属材料腐蚀与防护研究进展

针对舰船用金属材料在复杂海洋环境下存在的腐蚀问题，概述了舰船用金属材料腐蚀与防护的相关研究进展。介绍了合金钢、铜合金、钛合金和铝合金这些典型舰船用金属材料的常用类型和使用场所，阐述了舰船用金属材料所处不同海洋区带内的腐蚀环境特征，以及点蚀、缝隙腐蚀、电偶腐蚀、微生物腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂等舰船用金属材料常发生的腐蚀类型。综述了目前对舰船用金属材料腐蚀防护采取的措施，重点关注了表面涂镀层和改性技术的研究进展。最后，提出了舰船用金属材料腐蚀防护未来的研究方向，需从加强腐蚀机理研究、建立腐蚀数据库和发展新型表面腐蚀防护技术3方面入手。

Research Progress on Corrosion and Protection of Typical Warship Metal Materials

Aiming at the corrosion of warship metal materials in complex marine environment, the research progress on corrosion and protection of warship metal materials was reviewed. Firstly, the common types and application sites of alloy steel, copper alloy, titanium alloy and aluminum alloy on warships were introduced, and the corrosion environment characteristics of warship metal materials in different marine zones, as well as the corrosion types commonly occurred in warship metal materials such as pitting, crevice corrosion, galvanic corrosion, microbiological corrosion and stress corrosion cracking were described. Then, the corrosion protection measures taken for warship metal materials were summarized, mainly focusing on the research progress of surface coating and modification technology. Finally, the development direction of corrosion protection of warship metal materials was put forward, which involved the following three aspects:strengthening the research of the corrosion mechanism, establishing a corrosion database and developing advanced corrosion protection technologies.