皮带巷粉尘浓度分布规律及全自动气水调节雾化除尘系统

鉴于传统的输煤皮带巷雾化除尘系统不能根据煤流高度自动调节雾化程度,难以达到预期除尘效果,以同忻煤矿输煤皮带巷为研究对象,基于COMSOL Multiphysics建立了输煤皮带巷煤流扬尘模型,研究了输煤皮带巷煤流高度对粉尘运移、分布的影响,继而设计了基于超声波物位传感器等多种传感器和V形调节电动球阀联动的气水调节雾化除尘系统。结果表明:在巷道高度1.5 m以上,煤流厚度越大,同一位置处的粉尘质量浓度越大,且以呼吸性粉尘为主,同时,在巷道走向沿程上,从风流入口处至下风向30~40 m范围内,粉尘质量浓度快速增长,污染严重;全自动气水调节雾化除尘系统可使呼尘质量浓度最高下降93.57%,具有良好的可行性和应用推广性。

On the dust concentration distribution regularity in the coal belt transferring roadway and the automatic air-water atomization dedusting system

The present paper is intended to present a coal dust control and reduction model along the coal belt roadway based on COMSOL Multiphysics.It also wants to exhibit the nephogram of the roadway dust concentration distribution regularity at different coal flow heights through simulation according to the measured data on the spot along the distribution curve at the height of 1.5 m in the roadway.As is known,the height of the coal flow along the coal belt roadway is a chief factor affecting the degree of dust exposure and the change of the dust concentration distribution.Since it remains impossible for the traditional atomization and dust removal system to regulate the atomization degree automatically to meet the height of the coal flow,it is still difficult for the coal belt roadway to achieve the desired effect of dust removal.To solve the problem,we have first of all managed to identify and determine the relation between the dust migration and distribution with the height change of the coal flow.The simulation results we have gained show that at the height over 1.5 m,the dust concentration at the same location tends to be greater,and in turn as a result,the respiratory dust tends to increase with the increase of the thickness of the coal flow.The results that have been tested and measured on the spot indicate that along the roadway,the large amount of coal under move can have obvious impact on the dust concentration in the depth of 20 m down from the airflow entrance in a range of 30-40 m.In such a status-in-situ,the dust concentration would quickly grow to 200 mg/m3 or so,which has in turn resulted in serious pollution.Based on the research results,we have made tremendous work and improved the traditional atomizing and dust collecting system by using an ultrasonic material position sensor and a V-shaped regulating electric ball valve as the core component as well as developed the atomization dedusting system through the automatic air-water regulation.With the help of the air-water mixing device,we have been successful in regulating the water inflow in accordance with the coal flowing height,thus,providing a totally new approach to dust prevention and elimination in the coal belt roadway.The testing and experimenting results on the spot demonstrate that the respiratory dust removal efficiency of the system proves much higher than the total dust under way,whose removal efficiency of respiratory dust can well be kept at 83.64％-93.57％,with the average respiratory dust removal efficiency being at about 89.83％.