我国高校消防科研投入产出效能研究

为进一步突出现阶段我国消防工程的科研效能,优化投入产出结构,集中采用数据包络分析中的CCR和BCC模型,对国内开设消防工程专业的13所高校2010—2014年的科研效率进行了分析。结果表明:13所高校中有10所高校综合效率为"1",即77%的高校处于投入产出效能最优状态;DMU9、DMU11、DMU13三所高校纯规模效率分别为0.813、0.989、0.211,表明加强对消防专业建立较晚的高校的支持力度很有必要;2010—2014年,我国消防科研效能的平衡度呈波动上升,人力资源投入和科技产出指标的相关性较显著,重点高校的科研效率平均高于普通院校将近0.1个效率点,表明对消防科研的发展总体而言,需从重视绝对数量的硬性资源投入转向科研质量的相对投入,以促进专业持续、有效发展。

Research on input-output efficiency of the fire-disaster fighting equipment and facilities investment and human efforts made in Chinese universities

The paper is inclined to present its assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of the scientific research status-in-situ of the 13 universities that have established fire-disaster fighting engineering discipline by using the well-known DEA(brief for data envelopment analysis) model.For the research purpose,we have made assessment and worked out the efficiency of the above said 13 universities in their efforts in promoting the course building from the point of view of their material and human force investment in strengthening the curriculum construction oriented in the CCR model,one of the DEA models under the constant returns in developing the course construction during the period of 2010-2014.The results of our study have shown that,10 of the 13 universities can be scored as Level One in terms of comprehensive corriculum-running efficiency,implying that 77％ of the 13 ones can be relegated to the optimal situation.The other two universities can be relegated for 0.813 and 0.91,respectively,which are closer to the status-in-situ of the best efficiency.Only one of the thirteen universities stays at lower state in this way.On the other hand,an analysis has also been done with the efficiency of the scientific research activities of these universities by using the BCC mode,which remains under the variable returns in scale.Thus,the efficiency in terms of DMU9,DMU11,and DMU13,the 3 of the 13 universities should be relegated to 0.813,0.989,and 0.211,respectively,which means that the 3 universities of the 13 have been taken as at the level of scale-increasing status-in-situ,that is,in gradually improving state.Seeing the situation,in order to further highlight the efficiency of the scientific status in the 3 universities,it is of great need for them to increase the scientific research scale and strengthen their supports for the research activities of their teachers and students and establish fire fighting engineering disciplines in the future.Besides,in terms of fitting efficiency,the comprehensive balance situation in fire-fighting research efficiency tends to be rising in the said period,both in the input of human resources(I1) and in the output of scientific and technologic(O3) product indexes prove to be in a positive correlation.What is more,it is the key problem to heighten the scientific research efficiency of fire fighting resources for the key universities,who should put more emphasis in this way than that in ordinary universities at least for 0.1 point.Therefore,the efforts for them to make sould be shifted from the absolute amount of the hardware resources to the relative scientific research quality,which are expected to be conducive to the more vigorous developments of the fire fighting engineering discipline.