大型露天煤矿绿色开采评价体系研究

为解决露天煤矿开采给环境带来的诸多不利影响,以露天煤矿绿色开采为理念,从固体环境、水体环境、气体环境和生态环境4个方面构建了露天煤矿绿色开采评价体系。通过数学方法和数学模型对影响露天煤矿的基本指标进行量化处理和权重分配,得出露天煤矿开采"绿色度"指标值。建立了露天煤矿绿色开采评价标准,并利用所建立的评价指标体系和评价模型对黑岱沟露天煤矿进行了应用研究。

On the establishment of the evaluation system for green mining in large open-pit coal mines

The paper is mainly devoted to the exploration of the green mining evaluation system for the open-pit coal mines based on the green mining theory in the following four aspects,that is,solid environment,water environment,gas environment and the ecological environment in hoping to solve such adverse effects on the mining environment.While taking into consideration the proposals of the experienced experts and the actual mining situations,the paper has brought about 50 basic influential indexes as the research objects of the system via careful screening.Furthermore,it has also properly disposed of the following basic indexes in the paper quantitatively with the mathematical methods,such as the standard value method,the switch function method,the fitting function method,in addition to the qualitative and quantitative methods.Besides,it has been found that it is possible to work out the final indicative parameters of the "green degree" of such mines by way of recalculating and redistributing the weights of the basic indexes through the analytic hierarchical process in the form of a mathematical model.It is just based on the aforementioned approaches that we have formulated the evaluation standard for the green mining exploration of such open-pit mines while referring to the code for design of open pit mine of coal industry and the mining laws and regulations issued by the related state and ministerial institutions.The results of our exploration demonstrate that,the evaluation index system of the green mining in such coal mines,which can be worked out readily by using a mathematical model,can be adopted to determine the influential degrees of the indexes at all levels on the mining environment to a reasonable extent and in turn reflect the status quo of the green degree on the open-pit coal mine scientifically.Such an evaluation index system can be in a position to bring about quite great influential effects on the coal mine development and resource exploitation in the future.Besides,it would be possible for us to take the advantages of the evaluation system and evaluation model constructed above in the practical studies for Heidaigou open-pit mine.Thus,it can be concluded that the comprehensive "green degree" gained for Heidaigou open-pit mine should be 0.712,which can be categorized into the safety level of "good" according to the green mining evaluation standard for the open-pit coal mines.Therefore,in conclusion,the efforts of Heidaigou openpit mine should be focused on the economic efficiency,which can reflect the clearer environmental awareness in the process of mining,in accordance with the proper model developed for the evaluation system by the given paper.