原地爆破浸出采铀过程中的渗漏示踪研究

为了准确、及时判断原地爆破浸出采铀堆场底部是否发生渗漏,需寻找合适的示踪剂在喷淋浸出过程中开展示踪。先采用静态试验在候选示踪剂荧光素钠、溴化钾、碘化钾中筛选出不影响铀的浸出且吸附量最小的荧光素钠作为示踪剂;从表面活性剂MES、MAEPK、DMSS、SDS中,筛选出既有利于铀的浸出又可在铀浸出过程中降低矿石对示踪剂荧光素钠吸附的SDS。,再通过动态柱试验进一步研究荧光素钠与表面活性剂SDS的示踪性能。结果表明,荧光素钠不影响铀浸出,添加表面活性剂不仅使铀浸出率提高约9.01%,而且降低了铀矿石对荧光素钠的吸附,尤其大大降低了矿石对荧光素钠的初始吸附,使得初始穿透水中荧光素钠的质量浓度提高了20.8倍,铀矿石对荧光素钠的分配系数在不加表面活性剂与添加表面活性剂的情况下分别为6.66 mL/g与4.22 mL/g,阻滞系数分别为29.46与20.59,分别降低了36.63%、30.11%。因此,以荧光素钠为示踪剂添加表面活性剂SDS的原地爆破浸出采铀堆场渗漏示踪试验可以及时、准确地判断是否渗漏。

On the tracer of the uranium leakage in the process of stope leaching

The paper is engaged in a study of the tracer of uranium leakage in the process of stope leaching.As is known,it is necessary to find the suitable tracer in the process of spray leaching so as to determine whether the leakage occurs at the bottom of the yard of uranium mine by way of in-situ blasting and stope leaching accurately and timely.For this purpose,we have chosen the most appropriate tracer and surfactant through static experiments,and,then,we have managed to simulate the tracing behavior of the tracer and the surfactant through the dynamic column experiment.The results of the aforementioned experiment have shown that the fluorescein sodium,the bromide ions,and the iodine ions prove to have no basic effect on the leaching rate of uranium whereas the distribution coefficient of the fluorescein sodium tends to be affected at the minimal degree in the mineral,which implies that the adsorption of the mineral for the fluorescein sodium turns to be minimal,too.However,it would be possible to improve the uranium leaching rate and reduce the adsorption of the mineral for the tracer with the help of the surfactant MES,DMSS,SDS,among which SDS is generally regarded to be the most effective one.For example,when the concentration of SDS is 0.008 mol/L,the uranium leaching rate can be made higher than that at other concentrations.Just as shown by the results of the dynamic experiment,the tracer fluorescein sodium itself does not basically affect the uranium ore leaching.Nevertheless,the surfactant SDS can help to increase the uranium leaching rate by 9.01％ but reduce the adsorption of the mineral for the fluorescein sodium.Particularly speaking,the initial adsorption of the mineral for the sodium can help to increase the concentration to 20.8 times as much as that of the initial penetration of fluorescein sodium in the water.What is more,we have also worked out that the distribution coefficient (Kd) of the fluorescein sodium in the uranium ore turns to be 6.66 mL/g and 4.22 mL/g under the condition with no surfactant and added surfactant SDS,the retarding factors (Rd) being 29.46,20.59,which are supposed to have been reduced by 36.63％ and 30.11％,respectively.Therefore,the leaking tracer experiment in the yard of uranium mining by the situation in-situ blasting and stope leaching we have developed can help to identify and discriminate whether there still remains leakage or not timely and accurately with the fluorescein sodium serving as tracer and the added surfactant.