洞庭湖垸外灾害风险区湖洲高效生态农业模式研究

为了协调好防灾减灾与湖洲农业综合开发的关系，运用灾害学和循环经济学以及农业、林业、牧业、水产、生态、系统工程等科学交叉的理论与方法，将灾害防控技术体系、农业生产方式与高效生态农业结构的优化机理融为一体，设计了湖草洲畜、禽、鱼一体化开发的灭螺治鼠防洪技术集成模式，荻芦洲荻、芦、林、牧、农一体化开发的灭螺治鼠抗洪技术集成模式。并分别在典型区域进行了示范，试验表明：与传统农业生方式相比，生态、经济、社会三大效益十分显著。同时致力于湖洲农业产业化，认为在建设好优势农产品生产基地的基础上，大力发展与之相配套的产品加工等商品服务体系和市场体系，促进荻、芦、林、牧等产品精、深加工，延伸产业链，提高产品附加值，从整体上提高湖洲高效生态农业模式的综合效益，使之成为湖区农业经济的新增长点。

Efficient Eco-agricultural Modeling for Islands Risking from Natural Disaster outside Embankment of Dongting Lake

In order to coordinate the relationship between the disaster prevention and reduction and the comprehensive development of islands agriculture in Dongting Lake, the disaster science and the circular economics as well as the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, agriculture, ecology, the systems engineering and some overlapping theories and methods are used in this paper. The disaster prevention and control technology system, model of agricultural production and the optimized mechanism of the structure of efficient eco-agriculture are integrated into a whole. Two technology integration models have been designed, including how to extinguish oncomelania hupensis and rats and the prevention of flood. One is livestock, fowl and fish integration development in lake grass island, the other is phragmites communis, miscanthus saccharifloru, forestry, animal husbandry and agriculture integration development in phragmites communis-miscanthus saccharifloru Islands. These patterns have been demonstrated in the typical regions. And the experiment indicated that compared with the traditional eco-agricultural model, the economic, social and ecological benefits are remarkable. At the same time, it is necessary to commit to industrialization of agriculture. Also we should build goods service and market system on the basis of building advantage of agricultural products bases for product processing, which are match with it. And it is important to do fine and deep processing for products, extend the industrial chain and enhance the value-added products. Finally, the comprehensive benefits of efficient eco-agricultural model on the islands in Dongting Lake will be increased as a whole, it becomes a new growth point for agricultural economy in the lake district.