Modelling bund overtopping using a shallow water CFD model |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China;2. Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong;3. Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, Hong Kong;1. Grupo de Caos en Sistemas Hamiltonianos, Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina;2. Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics, Academy of Athens, Greece;1. Los Alamos National Laboratory, X-Computational Physics Division, Los Alamos, United States;2. Instituto Superior Técnico, Mechanical Engineering Department, Lisbon, Portugal;3. Maritime Research Institute Netherlands, Wageningen, the Netherlands;1. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China;2. Key Laboratory of Neutronics and Radiation Safety, Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper describes the development of a model for assessing the hazards arising from liquid spills from storage tanks containing flammable liquids. The model is based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solutions to the shallow water equations and is able to account for the interaction of a liquid spill with sloping ground and walls/bunds. These features mean that it has a much wider range of applicability than simple models and yet, as it is based on the solution to the two-dimensional shallow water equations, is relatively quick to run. The key parameter of interest in risk assessments is the fraction of a tank contents that would overtop the surrounding wall/bund that has been designed to retain it. A simple ‘sub-model’ has been developed to take account of this three-dimensional phenomenon within the two-dimensional model. The numerical solution of the shallow water equations is obtained through an adaptive method using two shock-capturing numerical techniques; the weighted average flux (WAF) and random choice methods (RCM). These provide a robust solution algorithm. A simple test case has been used to demonstrate the applicability of the model. |
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